Background: Cryoballoon isolation is considered a safe and effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, recurrence of AF after first cryoballoon ablation occurs in ~30% of patients. Pre-procedurally identifying patients at risk of AF recurrence could be beneficial.
Hypothesis: Our aim was to determine how pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy influences the recurrence of AF using the second-generation cryoballoon in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Methods: We included 88 consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing PVI procedure with a second-generation 28-mm cryoballoon. All patients were evaluated at 3, 6 and 12 months using a 12-lead ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring. PV anatomy was assessed by creating three-dimensional models using computed tomography (CT) segmentations of the left atrium.
Results: Fifty-one patients (61%) had left PVs with a shared carina, 35 patients (42%) had a shared right carina. Nine patients (11%) were classified having a right middle PV. In total 17 (20.2%) of patients had a left common PV. At 12 months, 14 patients (17%) had experienced AF recurrence. Neither PV ovality, variant anatomy, the presence of shared carina nor a common left PV was a predictor for AF recurrence.
Conclusions: No specific characteristics of PV dimensions nor morphology were associated with AF recurrence after cryoballoon ablation in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Keywords: anatomy; atrial fibrillation; computed tomography; cryoballoon ablation; outcome; pulmonary veins.
© 2019 The Authors. Clinical Cardiology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.