Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH): what do we know about it? A comprehensive review of the literature

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2019 Apr;20(4):159-168. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000774.

Abstract

: Chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED), especially when associated with pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), is a fearsome and under-diagnosed but potentially curable complication of pulmonary embolism, thanks to recent therapeutic options. Aspecific symptoms and signs make its diagnosis challenging, requiring clinicians to be ready to suspect its presence in patients with dyspnea of unknown origin or persistent symptoms after acute pulmonary embolism. The aim of this review is to provide an update to the general practitioner or the specialist physician on the state of the art regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management of chronic thromboembolic syndromes.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angioplasty, Balloon
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chronic Disease
  • Endarterectomy
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / diagnosis
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / epidemiology
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / physiopathology
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / therapy
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Pulmonary Artery* / diagnostic imaging
  • Pulmonary Artery* / drug effects
  • Pulmonary Artery* / physiopathology
  • Pulmonary Artery* / surgery
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / diagnosis
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / epidemiology
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / physiopathology
  • Pulmonary Embolism* / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Antihypertensive Agents