A rodent model using skeletal anchorage and low forces for orthodontic tooth movement

Sudha Gudhimella; Abdelhamed Y Ibrahim; Divakar Karanth; Alex M Kluemper; Philip M Westgate; David A Puleo; Sarandeep S Huja

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.03.022

A rodent model using skeletal anchorage and low forces for orthodontic tooth movement

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2019 Feb;155(2):254-263. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.03.022.

Authors

Sudha Gudhimella¹, Abdelhamed Y Ibrahim², Divakar Karanth³, Alex M Kluemper², Philip M Westgate⁴, David A Puleo⁵, Sarandeep S Huja⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthodontics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Ky.
² University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.
³ Division of Orthodontics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.
⁴ Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.
⁵ School of Engineering, The University of Mississippi, University, Miss.
⁶ Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC. Electronic address: huja@musc.edu.

PMID: 30712697
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.03.022

Abstract

Introduction: Nonhuman animal models have been used extensively to study orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). However, rodent models have disadvantages, including a reported reduction in bone volume during OTM. The purpose of this study was to determine the viability of a skeletal anchorage and the effect of low force (∼3 cN) on interradicular bone volume during OTM.

Methods: Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 time points. A miniscrew and a nickel titanium coil spring placed a load of 3 cN (experimental) or 0 cN (sham) on the maxillary first molar in a split-mouth design. Displacement of the first molar and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) in the interradicular region were quantified.

Results: The success rate of the miniscrew was 98.9% (89 out of 90). Linear and angular tooth movement increased steadily (mean 0.1 mm/wk, 0.48 mm at 40 days). BV/TV was significantly reduced between the tooth movement and non-tooth movement sides in the 3 cN group: by 13%, 23%, 15%, 23%, and 16% at 3, 7, 14, 28, and 40 days, respectively.

Conclusions: Our model resulted in efficient OTM without skeletal anchorage failure. BV/TV reduction was lower than in previous reports. This novel validated model is likely to be the basis for future studies.

MeSH terms

Animals
Male
Maxilla / anatomy & histology*
Models, Animal
Organ Size
Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures*
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Tooth Movement Techniques / methods*