Physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology of neuropeptide S receptor

Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019:161:125-148. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.11.001. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Abstract

Neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1), originally named G protein-coupled receptor 154 (GPR154), was deorphanized in 2002 with neuropeptide S identified as the endogenous ligand. NPSR1 is primarily expressed in bronchus, brain as well as immune cells. It regulates multiple physiological processes, including immunoregulation, locomotor activity, anxiety, arousal, learning and memory, and food intake and energy balance. SNPs of NPSR1 are significantly associated with several diseases, including asthma, anxiolytic and arousal disorders, and rheumatoid arthritis. This chapter will summarize studies on NPSR1, including its molecular structure, tissue distribution, physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology.

Keywords: Asthma; Learning and memory; Neuropeptide S; Neuropeptide S receptor 1; Pharmacology; Single-nucleotide polymorphism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Humans
  • Memory
  • Motor Activity
  • Phylogeny
  • Protein Transport
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / chemistry
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled