Background: Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) has become an accepted treatment option for severely ill patients. Due to a limited availability of ECMO support therapy, patients must often be transported to a specialised centre before or after cannulation. According to the ELSO guidelines, an ECMO specialist should be present for such interventions. Here we describe the safety and efficacy of a reduced team approach involving one anaesthesiologist, experienced in specialised intensive care medicine, and a specialised critical care nurse.
Methods: This study is a 10 years retrospective, single institution analysis of all data collected between January 2007 and December 2016 from the medical records at the University Hospital Bonn, Germany.
Results: The Bonner mobile ECMO team was deployed in 170 cases for on-site evaluation for ECMO support therapy. 4 (2.4%) patients died prior to arrival or during the implementation of ECMO support. Of the remaining 166 patients, 126 were cannulated at the referring site, 40 were transported without ECMO. Of those, 21 were subsequently cannulated out our centre. 19 patients never received ECMO treatment. The primary indication for ECMO treatment was ARDS (159/166 patients). Veno-venous ECMO was initiated in 137, whilst 10 patients received veno-arterial ECMO treatment. Mean transportation time was 75 ± 36 min, and mean transport distance was 56 ± 57 km. In total, 26 complications were observed, three being directly transport-related. The overall survival was 55%.
Conclusions: Initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and subsequent transport can be safely and efficiently performed by a two-man team with good outcome.
Keywords: ARDS; ECMO; Interfacility transport; Transport efficiency; Transport safety.