Genome structure and evolution of Antirrhinum majus L

Nat Plants. 2019 Feb;5(2):174-183. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0349-9. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Abstract

Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.), a member of the Plantaginaceae family, is an important model for plant genetics and molecular studies on plant growth and development, transposon biology and self-incompatibility. Here we report a near-complete genome assembly of A. majus cultivar JI7 (A. majus cv.JI7) comprising 510 Megabases (Mb) of genomic sequence and containing 37,714 annotated protein-coding genes. Scaffolds covering 97.12% of the assembled genome were anchored on eight chromosomes. Comparative and evolutionary analyses revealed that a whole-genome duplication event occurred in the Plantaginaceae around 46-49 million years ago (Ma). We also uncovered the genetic architectures associated with complex traits such as flower asymmetry and self-incompatibility, identifying a unique duplication of TCP family genes dated to around 46-49 Ma and reconstructing a near-complete ψS-locus of roughly 2 Mb. The genome sequence obtained in this study not only provides a representative genome sequenced from the Plantaginaceae but also brings the popular plant model system of Antirrhinum into the genomic age.

MeSH terms

  • Antirrhinum / genetics*
  • Biological Evolution
  • Flowers / anatomy & histology
  • Flowers / genetics
  • Flowers / physiology
  • Gene Duplication
  • Genome, Plant*
  • Molecular Sequence Annotation
  • Phylogeny
  • Plant Proteins / genetics*
  • Self-Incompatibility in Flowering Plants / genetics

Substances

  • Plant Proteins