Mutant selection window of disinfectants for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the mutant selection window (MSW) of various disinfectants against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates to determine the tendency of these strains to acquire resistance to disinfectants.

Methods: A total of 60 S. aureus isolates [30 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 30 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA)] and 30 P. aeruginosa, including 2 multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa (MDRP), were collected in Japan. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and mutant prevention concentrations (MPCs) of disinfectants, including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), against these strains were established to determine the MSW.

Results: The MSW₅₀, MSW₈₀ and MSW₁₀₀ for sodium hypochlorite against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 4×, 8× and 16× MIC, respectively. Strains surviving in the sodium hypochlorite MSW remained at a concentration of ≤0.3% (≤3072μg/mL).

Conclusions: This is the first evaluation of the bactericidal activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains surviving in the MSW of disinfectants. Environmental disinfection at low concentrations of sodium hypochlorite does not kill micro-organisms. Proper use of sodium hypochlorite shows a bactericidal effect against various pathogenic micro-organisms and is inexpensive, making it frequently used globally.

Keywords: Disinfection; MRSA; Mutant selection window; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sodium hypochlorite; Staphylococcus aureus.