Background: Canine demodicosis is classified as localised or generalised according to the extent of the disease. Chronic generalised demodicosis is a difficult skin disease to treat and unlikely to resolve without therapy. This laboratory study compared the efficacy of two topical spot-on medications, fluralaner or a combination of imidacloprid and moxidectin, against naturally acquired generalised demodicosis in dogs.
Methods: Sixteen client-owned dogs with naturally acquired generalised demodicosis were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 study groups consisting of 8 dogs each. On Day 0, dogs in 1 group were treated once with fluralaner spot-on solution. Dogs in the other group were treated with the imidacloprid/moxidectin spot-on solution on 3 occasions (Days 0, 28 and 56) or weekly in severe cases. Mites were counted in skin scrapings and demodectic lesions were evaluated on each dog before treatment, and at 28-day intervals over the 12-week period. Deep skin scrapings were made from the same 5 sites on each dog at each examination.
Results: After administration of fluralaner, miticidal efficacy was 99.7% at Day 28, > 99.9% at Day 56 and 100% at Day 84. Efficacy in dogs treated topically with the imidacloprid and moxidectin combination, was 9.8% at Day 28, 45.4% at Day 56 and 0% at Day 84, and was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than the fluralaner treated group at each post-treatment time point.
Conclusions: A single topical administration of fluralaner eliminated Demodex sp. mites on dogs with generalised demodicosis. Topical imidacloprid/moxidectin combination treatment administered 3 times at 28-day intervals, or more frequently, did not eliminate mites from most treated dogs.
Keywords: Advocate®; BravectoTM Spot-on Solution; Demodex canis; Dogs; Efficacy; Fluralaner; Generalised demodicosis; Imidacloprid; Mange; Moxidectin; Spot-on.