Abnormalities, such as hyperparathyroidism, vascular calcification, and osteoporosis, are devastating complications in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD). These abnormalities significantly affect the quality of life and prognosis. Therefore, controlling the abnormalities of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone metabolism play an important role in these patients. Conventionally, calcium and phosphorus metabolism abnormalities have been mainly attributed to the development of vascular calcification, but preventing vascular calcification is still difficult even if calcium and phosphorus levels are controlled. Additionally, the mechanisms of the development and progression of vascular calcification in patients with ESRD are still unknown. Recently, advanced glycation end products(AGEs)have been known to be involved in the development and promotion of bone abnormality, such as bone embrittlement and vascular calcification. Therefore, blockade of AGEs and the receptor for AGE(RAGE)system may be a novel therapeutic strategy to improve the prognosis of patients with ESRD by inhibiting bone embrittlement and vascular calcification.