Morphological and chemical composition of particulate matter in buses exhaust

V V Chernyshev; A M Zakharenko; S M Ugay; T T Hien; L H Hai; S M Olesik; A S Kholodov; E Zubko; M Kokkinakis; T I Burykina; A K Stratidakis; Ya O Mezhuev; D A Sarigiannis; A Tsatsakis; K S Golokhvast

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.12.002

Morphological and chemical composition of particulate matter in buses exhaust

Toxicol Rep. 2018 Dec 11:6:120-125. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.12.002. eCollection 2019.

Authors

V V Chernyshev¹, A M Zakharenko¹, S M Ugay¹, T T Hien¹, L H Hai¹, S M Olesik¹, A S Kholodov¹, E Zubko¹, M Kokkinakis², T I Burykina³, A K Stratidakis², Ya O Mezhuev⁴, D A Sarigiannis^{5

6}, A Tsatsakis^{1

2

3}, K S Golokhvast^{1

7}

Affiliations

¹ Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Street, 8, Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
² Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece.
³ Department of Analytical Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
⁴ Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Square, 9, Moscow 125047, Russia.
⁵ Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
⁶ Environmental Health Engineering, School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
⁷ Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia.

Abstract

This research article investigates the particulate matter originated from the exhaust emissions of 20 bus models, within the territory of Vladivostok, Russian Federation. The majority of evaluated buses (17 out of 20) had emissions of large particles with sizes greater than 400 μm, which account for more than 80% of all measured particles. The analysis of the elemental composition showed that the exhaust emissions contained Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, with the concentration of Zn prevailing in all samples by two to three orders of magnitude higher than the concentrations of the other elements.

Keywords: Air pollution; Bus exhaust gases; EGS, exhaust gas suspension; Environmental toxicity; PM, particulate matter; PM10, particles with a diameter between 2,5 and 10 μm; Particle size distribution; Particulate matter; Solid particles; VOCs, volatile organic compounds.