The standard of weights and measures of medicines in the Han Dynasty has always been an important topic in the study of the ancient Chinese medical history. However, the difference of titles and systems of measurement units recorded in different literature are quite diverse and short of material evidences for a long time, leading to a long debate on the research of ancient measuring system of medicines. The titles in the newly announcing inscriptions of a series of the measuring system of dosages of Eastern Han Dynasty, carried on the 4 containers are ge, yue, cuo and dao gui, confirming the measuring system of the Han Dynasty for the first time. Through actual measurement, the numerical values of ge, yue, cuo, dao gui are 20ml, 10ml, 2ml, and 0.5 ml respectively, and the calculating equation are: 1 ge = 2 yue, 1 yue = 5 cuo, 1 cuo = 4 dao gui. These values were basically the same as the official measuring containers of the Han Dynasty, demonstrating that the official weights and measures system for medicines was adopted by the Eastern Han Dynasty. The appearance of the new measuring tool, fang cun bi (square-inch-spoon), reveals its actual morphology which is frequently mentioned in the Han-Tang's classical recipes yet unable to witness this actual object. This measuring system is significant to the studies of ancient weights and measures of medicines.
汉代的药物度量衡标准，一直是古代医学史研究的重要问题。然而，不同文献记载的早期容量单位的名称与进制多有出入，且实物长期缺乏，导致了古代药量进制研究的长久争议。新公布的一套东汉铭文药量，四器自铭为"合""籥""撮""刀刲"，首次证实了东汉的药用容量单位体系。其中，合、籥、撮、刀圭的实测量值分别为20 ml、10 ml、2 ml、0.5 ml，推算进制为1合＝2籥，1籥＝5撮，1撮＝4刀圭。四者所反映的量值与进制，与汉代官方量器基本相同，说明东汉药量采用了官方量制标准。量器中"方寸匕"的出现，更揭示了汉唐经方中屡屡提到但未见实物的方寸匕的形制。该组药量所呈现的单位体系、进制与量值，对于古代药物度量衡研究具有重要的参考意义。.
Keywords: Fang cun bi (square-inch-spoon); Han Dynasty; Measuring system of medicines; Weights and measures.