BMI at menarche and timing of growth spurt and puberty in Polish girls - longitudinal study

Anthropol Anz. 2019 Mar 28;76(1):37-47. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2019/0920. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between BMI at menarche and selected growth spurt parameters, such as age at take-off of the pubertal growth spurt (ATO), age at peak height velocity (APHV), growth spurt duration (APHV-ATO), and the pubertal growth rate. Methods: The study group consisted of 243 girls aged 10-16 years. Several measurements of body height and weight have been taken for each girl during the girls' development (longitudinal study). Nutritional status has been assessed using the IOTF (Cole et al. 2000; Cole et al. 2007). Girls were asked about their age at menarche. To investigate the growth rate, the age at TO and PHV for each girl was calculated using AUXAL.3 software and a structural model JPA2. Statistical analyses were made in Statistica 12.0 using Kruskal-Wallis test Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean age at menarche for the entire group was 12.59 (Me = 12.52, Min = 9.9, Max = 16.2). There was a significant statistical relationship between the level of BMI and age at menarche. The age at menarche decreased significantly with increasing levels of nutritional status (H = 33.2, p < 0.001). Also, TO and PHV occurred earlier in girls with higher values of BMI indicator (TO: H = 12.25, p < 0.05; PHV: H = 12.25, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The level of nutritional status at the age of menarche is significantly related to growth and the rate of biological maturation in girls. Higher BMI at menarche is associated with an earlier occurrence of menarche, TO and PHV.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Body Height
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Menarche*
  • Poland
  • Puberty
  • Sexual Maturation*