Recent advances in tissue engineering highlight biomaterial designs with context-specific growth factors, cytokines and various small molecules to better mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironments. These efforts have led to direct improvements in cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions while mitigating undesirable cellular and immunogenic responses. In this short review, we focus on the crucial roles and regulation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling in biomaterial applications during tissue repair and regeneration.
Keywords: Biomaterials; Inflammation; Regenerative medicine; TGF beta; Tissue engineering.
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