New opportunities in synthetic macrocyclic arenes

Chem Commun (Camb). 2019 Jan 31;55(11):1533-1543. doi: 10.1039/c8cc09374a.

Abstract

Synthetic macrocyclic receptors generally display unique geometries, preorganized cavities, and tunable binding affinities, which facilitate their application in numerous fields including molecular recognition and self-assembly. Calix[n]arenes and pillar[n]arenes are very prevalent synthetic macrocyclic arenes, whose syntheses, host-guest properties, and supramolecular functions have been intensively studied. In recent years, some new families of synthetic macrocyclic arenes closely related to calix[n]arenes and pillar[n]arenes have emerged and represent new opportunities in modern supramolecular chemistry. Therefore, in this feature article, we present a comprehensive discussion on some newly designed, versatile macrocyclic arene receptors that sprang up during the past decade, focusing on their syntheses, structures, functionalization, and host-guest properties. Future perspectives of synthetic macrocyclic arene chemistry are also given. We hope that this feature article will be a timely and useful reference for those who are exploring new opportunities in functional macrocycles.