Validating the Functional, Communicative, and Critical Health Literacy Scale Using Rasch Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

J Nurs Meas. 2018 Aug;26(2):341-363. doi: 10.1891/1061-3749.26.2.341.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The functional, communicative, and critical health literacy (FCCHL) scale is widely used for assessing health literacy (HL) in people with chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Despite related subscales, researchers continue to apply a consecutive modeling approach, treating the three subscales as independent. This article studies the psychometric characteristics of the FCCHL by applying multidimensional modeling approaches.

Methods: Rasch modeling and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to responses (paper-and-pencil) from 386 adults with T2DM.

Results: Using a six-point rating scale and a three-dimensional Rasch model, this study found that a 12-item version of the FCCHL reduced within-item bias and improved subscale reliability indexes.

Conclusion: This study suggests a parsimonious 12-item version of the FCCHL. The data fit a three-dimensional Rasch model best.

Keywords: FCCHL; Rasch modeling; confirmatory factor analysis; health literacy; type 2 diabetes mellitus; validation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / nursing
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / psychology*
  • Factor Analysis, Statistical
  • Female
  • Health Literacy*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Norway
  • Psychometrics*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Surveys and Questionnaires