Advanced Selection Methodologies for DNAzymes in Sensing and Healthcare Applications

Sandeep Kumar; Shikha Jain; Neeraj Dilbaghi; Amrik Singh Ahluwalia; Ashraf Aly Hassan; Ki-Hyun Kim

doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2018.11.001

Advanced Selection Methodologies for DNAzymes in Sensing and Healthcare Applications

Trends Biochem Sci. 2019 Mar;44(3):190-213. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.11.001. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Authors

Sandeep Kumar¹, Shikha Jain², Neeraj Dilbaghi², Amrik Singh Ahluwalia³, Ashraf Aly Hassan⁴, Ki-Hyun Kim⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-Haryana, 125001, India; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, PO Box 886105, Lincoln, NE 68588-6105, USA. Electronic address: ksandeep36@yahoo.com.
² Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar-Haryana, 125001, India.
³ Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
⁴ Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, PO Box 886105, Lincoln, NE 68588-6105, USA.
⁵ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kkim61@hanyang.ac.kr.

PMID: 30559045
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.11.001

Abstract

DNAzymes have been widely explored owing to their excellent catalytic activity in a broad range of applications, notably in sensing and biomedical devices. These newly discovered applications have built high hopes for designing novel catalytic DNAzymes. However, the selection of efficient DNAzymes is a challenging process but one that is of crucial importance. Initially, systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) was a labor-intensive and time-consuming process, but recent advances have accelerated the automated generation of DNAzyme molecules. This review summarizes recent advances in SELEX that improve the affinity and specificity of DNAzymes. The thriving generation of new DNAzymes is expected to open the door to several healthcare applications. Therefore, a significant portion of this review is dedicated to various biological applications of DNAzymes, such as sensing, therapeutics, and nanodevices. In addition, discussion is further extended to the barriers encountered for the real-life application of these DNAzymes to provide a foundation for future research.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques / methods*
Catalysis
DNA, Catalytic / metabolism*
Delivery of Health Care / methods

Substances

DNA, Catalytic