Novel multifunctional nanocomposite for root caries restorations to inhibit periodontitis-related pathogens

Shimeng Xiao; Haohao Wang; Kunneng Liang; Franklin Tay; Michael D Weir; Mary Anne S Melo; Lin Wang; Yafei Wu; Thomas W Oates; Yi Ding; Hockin H K Xu

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.001

Novel multifunctional nanocomposite for root caries restorations to inhibit periodontitis-related pathogens

J Dent. 2019 Feb:81:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.001. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Authors

Shimeng Xiao¹, Haohao Wang², Kunneng Liang³, Franklin Tay⁴, Michael D Weir⁵, Mary Anne S Melo⁵, Lin Wang⁶, Yafei Wu⁷, Thomas W Oates⁵, Yi Ding⁸, Hockin H K Xu⁹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
² Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. Electronic address: kunnengliang@163.com.
⁴ Department of Endodontics, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
⁵ Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
⁶ Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; VIP Integrated Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130011, China.
⁷ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China.
⁸ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Periodontology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China. Electronic address: yidingscu@163.com.
⁹ Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA. Electronic address: hxu@umaryland.edu.

PMID: 30552930
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.12.001

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel multifunctional composite with nanoparticles of silver (NAg), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP); and (2) investigate biofilm-inhibition via the multifunctional nanocomposite against three species of periodontal pathogens for the first time.

Methods: The multifunctional nanocomposite was fabricated by incorporating NAg, MPC, DMAHDM and NACP into the resin consisting of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMDGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA). Three species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum) were tested for metabolic activity (MTT), live/dead staining, polysaccharide production and colony-forming units (CFU) of biofilms grown on resins.

Results: Incorporation of 0.08% to 0.12% NAg, 3% MPC, 3% DMAHDM and 30% NACP did not compromise the mechanical properties of the composite (p > 0.1). The multifunctional nanocomposite reduced protein adsorption to nearly 1/10 of that of a commercial control (p < 0.05). For all three species, the biofilm CFU was reduced by about 5 and 1 orders of magnitude via the nanocomposite containing NAg + MPC + DMAHDM, compared to commercial control and the composite with MPC + DMAHDM, respectively.

Conclusions: The novel multifunctional nanocomposite achieved the greatest reduction in metabolic activity, polysaccharide and biofilm growth of three periodontal pathogens.

Clinical significance: The strongly-antibacterial, multifunctional composite is promising for treating root lesions, alleviating periodontitis and protecting the periodontal tissues.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Class V restorations; Multifunctional nanocomposite; Periodontal pathogens; Root caries; Silver nanoparticle.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Biofilms
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Humans
Methacrylates
Nanocomposites*
Periodontitis*
Root Caries*

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Methacrylates