Pediatric total fractionated metanephrines: age-related reference intervals in spot urine

Minerva Pediatr (Torino). 2023 Aug;75(4):506-513. doi: 10.23736/S2724-5276.18.05319-7. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Abstract

Background: Sparse metanephrines reference intervals in pediatric populations are available and different study designs and technologies/ assays used in these studies lead to hardly transferable data from a laboratory to another. The aim of this study was to update pediatric reference intervals of total fractionated metanephrines in spot urine samples, using a commercial extraction kit run on a specific high-pressure liquid chromatograph coupled with an electrochemical detector.

Methods: Four hundred and fifty-two spot pediatric urinary samples previously submitted to urinalysis were consecutively included in the study with the exclusion of children's samples with diagnosis or clinical suspicion of paraganglioma/pheochromocytoma, kidney diseases and arterial hypertension. Urinary metanephrine, normetanephrine and 3-methoxytyramine were extracted with ClinRep® HPLC Complete kit and run on HPLC Prominence liquid chromatograph LC-20AT (Shimadzu Italia S.r.l. Milan, Italy) coupled with Decade II electrochemical detector (Antec Scientific, Zoeterwoude, the Nederlands, provided by Alfatech S.r.l., Genoa, Italy). Results were expressed as the ratio analyte-to-creatinine.

Results: Any of the three analytes required a repartition by gender (metanephrine P=0.27; normetanephrine P=0.90 and 3-methoxytyramine P=0.18). A significant statistically inversely proportional relation with age was found for metanephrine (P<0.0001; ρ=-0.72), normetanephrine (P<0.0001; ρ=-0.75) and 3-methoxytyramine (P<0.0001; ρ=-0.83). Reference intervals were calculated as function of age.

Conclusions: This study provides pediatric reference intervals for urinary fractionated total metanephrines in spot urine calibrated on a specific instrumentation and extraction commercial kit.

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Adrenal Gland Neoplasms* / urine
  • Child
  • Dopamine / urine
  • Humans
  • Metanephrine* / urine
  • Normetanephrine / urine

Substances

  • Metanephrine
  • Normetanephrine
  • 3-methoxytyramine
  • Dopamine