Miconazole loaded chitosan-based nanoparticles for local treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis fungal infections

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Feb 1:174:409-415. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.048. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Abstract

Objectives: In this study, polymeric nanoparticles based on chitosan incorporating the antifungal miconazole nitrate were fabricated and testedin vivo using murine vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Methods: Nanoparticles prepared by the ionotropic gelation method presented 200 to 300 nm diameter and polydispersity indexes ranging from 0.2 to 0.4. The nanoparticles were prepared to incorporate 63.9 mg/mL of miconazole nitrate to be testedin vivo. Murine vulvovaginal candidiasis was standardized using estradiol valerate before the animals were challenged by Candida albicans.

Results: The treatment using chitosan nanoparticles within miconazole nitrate presented the same therapeutic efficacy as miconazole nitrate in a commercial cream formulation, however using the antifungal content about seven-fold lower. This increase in the miconazole nitrate's therapeutic efficacy is may be due to the down-regulation of interleukin 10 (IL-10) expression.

Conclusions: Our data represent a proof of concept that can be exploited to achieve an alternative and promising therapy for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Keywords: Chitosan-based nanoparticles; Miconazole; Murine vulvovaginal candidiasis.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravaginal
  • Animals
  • Antifungal Agents / chemistry
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Candida albicans / drug effects*
  • Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / drug therapy*
  • Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / microbiology
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Miconazole / chemistry
  • Miconazole / pharmacology*
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage*
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Miconazole
  • Chitosan