Novel synthesis of nanoscale zerovalent iron from coal fly ash and its application in oxidative degradation of methyl orange by Fenton reaction

Abstract

We firstly developed a novel synthesis method of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) using Fe sources in coal fly ash (CFA) for the oxidative degradation of methyl orange by Fenton reaction. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) were used for Fe dissolution from CFA and selective Fe(III) chelation, respectively. Among varied HCl concentrations, 7 N HCl showed the best performance for the oxidation of aqueous Fe(II) to Fe(III) and efficient chelation of Fe(III) with MIBK. The NZVI-CFA was synthesized by adding NaBH₄ to a solution of Fe(III)-chelated MIBK, yielding NZVI transformation >95% from Fe(III) in HCl. Various surface analyses were performed to characterize the NZVI-CFA, which was almost identical to typical NZVI-Bare. HCl and MIBK could be reused several times, indicating potential reusability of chemicals used in the synthesis. Remarkable >96% decolorization of methyl orange was obtained by the NZVI-CFA-induced Fenton reaction at pH 3, with a ∼22% decrease in total organic carbon in 7 min. The heterogeneous Fenton reaction initiated by NZVI-CFA with H₂O₂ showed reactivity similar to that of the homogeneous Fenton reaction (i.e., aqueous Fe(II) with H₂O₂), indicating the importance of homogeneous reaction for the oxidative degradation of methyl orange.

Keywords: Coal fly ash; Fenton oxidation; Methyl isobutyl ketone; Methyl orange; Nanoscale zerovalent iron.