Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate whether implant roughness is associated with periimplantitis in humans.
Materials and methods: An electronic search of 3 databases (MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library) was undertaken until October 2017 and was supplemented by manual searching. Prospective studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) give a clear definition of periimplantitis and (2) contain outcome data (clinical and radiological data) considering the periimplantitis rate. A systematic review was carried out to evaluate the impact of roughness on the periimplantitis rate.
Results: Of 4690 potentially eligible articles, 22 were included in the qualitative analysis and quantitative synthesis.
Conclusions: This systematic review suggests that roughness and surface treatment of dental implants are important factors associated with periimplantitis.