Risk and protective factors for suicide attempt in emerging adulthood

Cien Saude Colet. 2018 Nov;23(11):3767-3777. doi: 10.1590/1413-812320182311.29112016.
[Article in Portuguese, English]

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the risk and protective factors for suicide attempt in emerging adulthood. 189 individuals (18 to 30 years old) participated in the study: 63 had already attempted suicide, 63 had a history of suicidal ideation, and 63 have never had suicidal ideation. They all completed an online research protocol about suicidal attempt and ideation, anxiety, self-esteem, self-efficacy, developmental stressors; social expression, and friendship. Those participants with no history of suicidal attempt showed higher scores of self-efficacy (M = 35.35, SD = 6.44), self-esteem (M = 41.33, SD = 7.02), and family relationships (M = 59.63, SD = 10.01). The suicidal ideation group showed higher scores of social anxiety (M = 26.03, SD = 10.25). Protective factors were essential to prevent the risk of suicide and help in solving problems in emerging adulthood.

O objetivo foi investigar os fatores de risco e proteção para tentativa de suicídio na adultez emergente. Participaram 189 indivíduos de 18 a 30 anos: 63 que já haviam tentado suicídio, 63 que tinham histórico de ideação suicida e 63 que nunca tiveram ideação suicida. Os dados foram coletados online com instrumentos relacionados à tentativa de suicídio e ideação suicida, ansiedade social, autoestima, autoeficácia, expressão social, relações de amizade e estressores desenvolvimentais. O grupo que não possui ideação apresentou médias superiores em autoeficácia (M = 35,35; DP = 6,44), autoestima (M = 41,33; DP = 7,02) e relacionamento familiar (M = 59,63; DP = 10,01). O grupo que apresentou ideação suicida teve médias superiores em ansiedade social (M = 26,03; DP = 10,25). Fatores protetivos são essenciais para a prevenção ao risco de suicídio e auxiliam na resolução de problemas na adultez emergente.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anxiety / epidemiology
  • Family Relations / psychology
  • Female
  • Friends / psychology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Protective Factors
  • Risk Factors
  • Self Concept*
  • Self Efficacy*
  • Suicidal Ideation*
  • Suicide, Attempted / psychology
  • Suicide, Attempted / statistics & numerical data*
  • Young Adult