Glutathione S-Transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms and hypertension risk: an updated meta-analysis

J Hum Hypertens. 2019 Jun;33(6):454-465. doi: 10.1038/s41371-018-0133-3. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Abstract

Recently, Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), and their interaction with hypertension risk have been focused on. However, the results of previous studies have been inconsistent. Hence, the present meta-analysis was performed to explore the association. Twenty-two case-control studies met the inclusion criteria for GSTM1 (including 3577 hypertension cases and 3784 controls), twenty-two for GSTT1 (including 3741 cases and 4444 controls), and nine for their combined effects (including 1073 cases and 781 controls). Pooled analyses on the association between GSTM1 present/null polymorphism and hypertension risk were observed to be insignificant in overall and subgroup analyses. The individual who carries the GSTT1 null-genotype had a statistically significant overall population (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.60), Indians (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.59), and hospital-based controls (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.94). For the GSTM1-GSTT1 interaction, we found that the GSTM1/GSTT1 double-null-genotype was significantly associated with hypertension risks (double-null vs. double-present: OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.06, 6.81). To summarize, this meta-analysis indicates that Indians with the GSTT1 null-genotype has a raised hypertension risks; the GSTM1 null/GSTT1 null-genotype is association with raised hypertension risks, while the GSTM1 null-genotype is not associated with hypertension risks. In addition, I2 > 75% cannot be eliminated for GSTM1 in Indians or Asians, hence, it will be very important to explore the GSTM1 null-genotype and hypertension susceptibility in Indians and Asians for a large new sample, on population-based control study.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Case-Control Studies
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Genotype
  • Glutathione Transferase / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Hypertension / genetics*
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Publication Bias

Substances

  • glutathione S-transferase T1
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • glutathione S-transferase M1