Objective: To describe the status of cardiovascular health (CVH) of children and adolescents aged 6-16 years in Beijing during 2017-2018. Methods: The school-based Cardiovascular and Bone Health Promotion Program(SCVBH) was conducted from November 2017 to January 2018. 15 391 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years were selected from grade 1 to 4 in 8 primary schools, grade 1 in 21 middle schools and senior grade 1 in one twelve-year education school in Dongcheng, Fangshan, Miyun and Haidian Districts of Beijing by using a cluster sampling method. Seven cardiovascular health indicators, including smoking, body mass index, dietary intake, physical activity, blood pressure, blood glucose, and total cholesterol, were categorized as poor, intermediate, and ideal according to American Heart Association (AHA) criteria. The status of CVH was evaluated according to the criteria of the ideal CVH related behaviors and factors defined by AHA. Results: The proportion of children and adolescents with an ideal smoking, dietary intake and physical activity indicators reached 99.2%(4 982/15 108), 19.7%(2 921/14 805), 17.8% (2 499/14 056), respectively. The proportion of children and adolescents with 7 and 4-5 ideal cardiovascular health indicators was 1.7%(209/12 560) and 65.1%(8 176/12 560). The proportion of children and adolescents with 4-7 ideal cardiovascular health indicators, 2-4 ideal health behavior indicators and 2-3 ideal health factors was significantly higher in urban than that in rural all P values<0.001. The proportion of females with 4-7 ideal cardiovascular health indicators, 2-4 ideal health behavior indicators and 2-3 ideal health factors was significantly higher than that in males (all P values<0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health of children and adolescents aged 6-16 years in Beijing during 2017-2018 was very low, particularly for healthy dietary intake and physical activity. Effective public health interventions should be implemented to improve the status of cardiovascular health of them.
目的： 了解北京市6~16岁儿童青少年心血管健康状况。 方法： 2017年11月至2018年1月采用整群抽样的方法，在北京市东城、房山、密云以及通州区选择30所学校（包括8所小学，21所中学和1所12年制学校），将小学1~4年级，初中1年级和高中1年级的6~16岁学生纳入研究，共纳入15 391名研究对象。研究内容包括问卷调查，身高、体重、血压测定以及实验室检测（空腹血糖、总胆固醇）。依据"美国心脏协会标准"，采用4个健康行为指标（吸烟、BMI、体育锻炼、膳食）和3个健康因素指标（总胆固醇、血压、空腹血糖）评估心血管健康状况。每个指标评价分为差、中、理想3个水平。 结果： 具有理想吸烟指标的人群所占比例达到99.2%（14 982/15 108），而具有理想膳食指标、体育锻炼指标的人群比例分别为19.7%（2 921/14 805）、17.8%（2 499/14 056）。具有7个理想心血管健康指标的比例为1.7%（209/12 560），具有4~5个理想心血管健康指标的比例达到65.1%（8 176/12 560）。城区儿童青少年具有4~7个理想心血管健康指标的比例、2~4个理想健康行为指标的比例及2~3个理想健康因素的比例均高于郊区儿童青少年（P值均<0.001）。女生具有4~7个心血管健康指标的比例、2~4个理想健康行为的比例及2~3个理想健康因素的比例均高于男生（P值均<0.001）。 结论： 北京市6~16岁儿童青少年具有7个理想心血管健康指标的比例较低，尤其是理想膳食和体育锻炼指标，应采用有效干预措施以提高儿童青少年心血管健康水平。.
Keywords: Adolescents; Cardiovascular health behavior and factor indicators; Children; Cross-sectional study.