BACKGROUND Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and secretion of intracellular muscle components into the blood circulation. Acute compartment syndrome is a potential complication of severe rhabdomyolysis. CASE REPORT We report 3 cases of compartment syndrome-related peripheral neuropathy in alcoholic individuals with rhabdomyolysis. All patients were confirmed to have peripheral neuropathy by electrophysiologic studies. CONCLUSIONS Patients with underlying metabolic abnormalities, such as those related to long-term alcoholism, should be aware that rhabdomyolysis is likely to cause neurological abnormalities.