Amide proton transfer imaging of tumors: theory, clinical applications, pitfalls, and future directions

Jpn J Radiol. 2019 Feb;37(2):109-116. doi: 10.1007/s11604-018-0787-3. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Abstract

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is an emerging molecular magnetic resonance imaging technique based on chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). APT imaging has shown promise in oncologic imaging, especially in the imaging of brain tumors. This review article illustrates the theory of CEST/APT imaging and describes the clinical utility, pitfalls, and potential for future development of APT imaging.

Keywords: Amide proton transfer; Chemical exchange saturation transfer; Tumor.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Amides
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / trends
  • Protons

Substances

  • Amides
  • Protons