Host-based processes as therapeutic targets for Rift Valley fever virus

Chelsea Pinkham; Aslaa Ahmed; Nicole Bracci; Aarthi Narayanan; Kylene Kehn-Hall

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.004

Host-based processes as therapeutic targets for Rift Valley fever virus

Antiviral Res. 2018 Dec:160:64-78. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Authors

Chelsea Pinkham¹, Aslaa Ahmed¹, Nicole Bracci¹, Aarthi Narayanan¹, Kylene Kehn-Hall²

Affiliations

¹ National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA.
² National Center for Biodefense and Infectious Diseases, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA. Electronic address: kkehnhal@gmu.edu.

PMID: 30316916
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.004

Abstract

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an enveloped, segmented, negative sense RNA virus that replicates within the host's cytoplasm. To facilitate its replication, RVFV must utilize host cell processes and as such, these processes may serve as potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes key host cell processes impacted by RVFV infection. Specifically the influence of RVFV on host transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, protein half-life and availability, host signal transduction, trafficking and secretory pathways, cytoskeletal modulation, and mitochondrial processes and oxidative stress are discussed. Therapeutics targeted towards host processes that are essential for RVFV to thrive as well as their efficacy and importance to viral pathogenesis are highlighted.

Keywords: Mitochondria; Rift valley fever virus; Signal transduction; Therapeutics; Transcription; Translation.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Antiviral Agents / isolation & purification*
Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
Host-Pathogen Interactions / drug effects*
Humans
Rift Valley fever virus / growth & development*

Substances

Antiviral Agents