[Kaposi sarcoma in a patient with ANCA vasculitis requiring hemodialysis]

Abstract

Introduction: Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma is widely reported after transplantation. Less commonly, it occurs in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy for ANCA associated vasculitis. We report here the rare association of Kaposi's sarcoma, prurigo nodularis and ANCA associated vasculitis in a hemodialysis patient.

Case report: We describe a 58-year-old woman who presented granulomatosis with polyangeiitis with alveolar hemorrhage and renal failure requiring hemodialysis. She developed cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma seven weeks after the beginning of immunosuppressive therapy. Biological tests showed negative HHV8 virus infection. Lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma responded to a discontinuation of immunosuppressive drugs and a decreasing dosage of corticosteroids.

Conclusion: Our case showed that the immunosuppressed state related to multiple factors such as underlying disease, immunosuppressive therapy and hemodialysis may all have contributed to the development of this neoplastic disorder in our patient.

Keywords: ANCA associated vasculitis; Hemodialysis; Hémodialyse; Kaposi's sarcoma; Sarcome de Kaposi; Vascularite à ANCA.