LRP5 controls cardiac QT interval by modulating the metabolic homeostasis of L-type calcium channel

Abstract

Background: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) has been intensively studied as a co-receptor for β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling. Emerging evidences have demonstrated β-catenin-independent functions of LRP5. However, the biological role of LRP5 in the mammalian heart is largely unknown.

Methods and results: Conditional cardiac-specific Lrp5 knockout (Lrp5-CKO) mice were generated by crossing Lrp5^flox/flox mice with αMHC/MerCreMer mice. Lrp5-CKO mice consistently displayed normal cardiac structure and function. Telemetric electrocardiogram recordings revealed a short QT interval in Lrp5-CKO mice, which was tightly linked to the striking abbreviation of action potential duration (APD) in ventricular myocytes. The analysis of whole-cell currents indicated that a reduction in activity and protein expression of L-type calcium channel (LTCC), rather than other ion channels, contributed to the abnormality in APD. Furthermore, we showed that Lrp5 ablation induced a significant convergence of Ca_V1.2α1c proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Consequently, increased proteasomal degradation of these proteins was observed, which was independent of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Conclusions: LRP5 directly modulates the degradation of LTCC to control cardiac QT interval. These findings provide compelling evidence for the potential role of LRPs in cardiac electrophysiology.

Keywords: Action potential duration; L-type calcium channel; Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; Myocyte; Proteasomal degradation; QT interval.