FAACT-Anorexia Cachexia Scale: Cutoff Value for Anorexia Diagnosis in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Nutr Cancer. 2019;71(3):409-417. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1506488. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) has a high rate of anorexia, which negatively affects quality-of-life and prognosis; however prevalence values may vary as per diagnostic test. There is no standard for anorexia diagnosis, currently the anorexia cachexia scale (A/CS) has been proposed as a tool for diagnosing anorexia with a consensus cutoff value of ≤24, nonetheless a validated cutoff value is required. The A/CS was evaluated in advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients to establish a cutoff value. The appetite item from the QLQ-C30 questionnaire and survival served as a standard reference. The cutoff value was associated with clinical and nutritional characteristics along with quality-of-life. Three hundred and twelve (312) NSCLC patients were evaluated. The mean A/CS value was 31 ± 9 and the identified cutoff value was 32.5 (sensitivity: 80.3% and specificity: 85%). The proportion of anorexia accurately diagnosed with the cutoff value of 24 was 26%, while with 32 it was 50%. The A/CS cutoff value of 32 was associated with clinical parameters, nutritional consumption, and quality-of-life, and independently associated with overall survival. A score of ≤32 in the A/CS is proposed for anorexia diagnosis in order to identify patients at risk of complications involving malnutrition related to LC.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / complications
  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy
  • Aged
  • Anorexia / diagnosis*
  • Anorexia / therapy
  • Appetite
  • Cachexia / diagnosis*
  • Cachexia / therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / complications*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / complications*
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Quality of Life
  • Reference Values
  • Surveys and Questionnaires