Phytate degradation and phosphorus digestibility in broilers and turkeys fed different corn sources with or without added phytase

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to test whether different dietary corn sources and phytase supplementation affect the prececal phosphorus digestibility (pcdP) and appearance of inositol phosphates in the lower ileum of growing broiler chickens and turkeys. Two experiments were conducted, one with broiler chickens and one with turkeys. Four corn diets were provided; these were formulated to contain low P and calcium (Ca) contents and incorporated 43% of one of the four different corn sources. Diets were either unsupplemented or supplemented with 500 FTU of an Escherichia coli-derived phytase/kg feed. Experimental diets were fed ad libitum from day 20 post-hatch. At 28 d of age, digesta were sampled from the lower ileum of animals to determine pcdP and pc myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) degradation and to analyze the concentrations of lower inositol phosphate isomers. The pcdP of non-supplemented diets ranged from 51 to 60% and from 22 to 28% in broilers and turkeys, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the InsP6 content of the corn source and the pcdP of diets in broilers only. Without phytase supplementation, pc InsP6 degradation ranged from 64 to 76% in broilers and from 6 to 15% in turkeys. Phytase increased the pcdP by around 15% in broilers (P < 0.001) and 9 to 17% in turkeys (P < 0.001). In turkeys, phytase efficacy was greatest when the diets contained corn with higher contents of ether extract and InsP6. An effect of corn source on the appearance of lower InsPs in the ileal digesta was found in broilers only. These results suggest that broilers possess a greater capacity for InsP6 degradation and hydrolysis of lower InsPs compared with turkeys. Furthermore, the results are influenced by the corn source used. Further research is needed to identify the factors responsible for the low level of phytate degradation in turkeys in order to improve the availability of InsP6-P and the efficacy of phytase.

Keywords: corn; inositol phosphates; phosphorus; phytase; prececal digestibility.