This review updates the literature on surgical treatment algorithm for umbilical, epigastric and incisional hernias by proposing an algorithm. It is recommended, that small hernias (horizontal defect 0-2 cm) are repaired openly with sublay or onlay mesh with 1 cm mesh overlap. Medium-sized hernias (horizontal defect 2-6 cm) may be repaired laparoscopically with intraperitoneal mesh with at least 5 cm overlap or openly with sublay mesh. Open repair with sublay mesh is recommended for large hernias (6-10 cm). Complex hernias and transverse defects > 10 cm should be repaired in a specialised hernia centre.