Antimicrobial stewardship in Spain: Programs for Optimizing the use of Antibiotics (PROA) in Spanish hospitals

Affiliations

• ¹ MD, PhD, Service of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Passeig Marítim 25, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
• ² PharmD, PhD, Service of Pharmacy, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Passeig Marítim 25, Barcelona, 08003, Spain.
• ³ MD, PhD, Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, IIS Aragón, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 15, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
• ⁴ PharmD, MSc, Spanish Agency of Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS), Calle Campezo 1, Madrid, 28022, Spain.
• ⁵ PhD, Service of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdiSBa), Ctra Valldemossa 79, Palma de Mallorca, 07120, Spain.
• ⁶ MD, PhD, Department of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University of Seville/CSIC/University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, Sevilla, 41013, Spain.
• ⁷ MD, PhD, Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Dr. Fedriani nº 3, Sevilla, 41009, Spain.