Objective: The main purpose of this study was to ascertain whether (or not) exposure to benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene (BTXE) , under normal working conditions, was associated with any health effects. Methods: From January to December 2014, the workplaces concentrations of BTXE were measured of 71 enterprises in Suzhou Industrial Park. Occupational health examination were investigated on 764 employees who exposed to BTXE, as well as 4409 employees of the corresponding enterprises who unexposed to BTXE, and analyzed the data of the two groups. Results: A total of 6 monitoring sites in 3 enterprises BTXE concentrations excess of the standards, the unexposed group was under the limit of detection. The means of red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, intermediate cell count and percentage of intermediate cells were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . Conversely, platelet count was significantly lower in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . The proportion of red blood cell volume, lymphocyte count and percentage of intermediate cells were significantly lower in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . Both means and proportion of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and urea nitrogen were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . The positive rate of protein, urine, urine red blood cell were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram, liver and kidney B scan were significantly higher in exposed group than in unexposed group (P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that percentage of intermediate cells increased, urea nitrogen increased, urine protein positived, urine red blood cells positived in exposed group the OR values were 1.689, 3.291, 3.163 and 1.743 (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Occupational exposure to low concentrations of BTXE had a certain impact on the blood system and liver and kidney function of the employees, occupational health surveillance for such people should be strengthened.
目的： 探讨职业性接触低浓度苯类物质对人群的健康效应。 方法： 于2014年1~12月，对苏州市工业园区71家企业作业场所空气中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯浓度进行监测，对接触苯类物质的764名员工（接触组）和相应企业不接触苯类物质的4 409名员工（对照组）进行职业健康检查，并对健康检查资料进行统计分析。 结果： 有3家企业共6个定点监测苯类物质监测浓度超标，对照组工作岗位苯类物浓度均低于检出限值。接触组红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、中间细胞计数、中间细胞百分比水平均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），接触组血小板计数水平低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与对照组比较，接触组红细胞压积、淋巴细胞计数、中间细胞百分比下降人数占比均较低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。接触组谷丙转氨酶、尿素氮水平明显较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与对照组比较，接触组谷丙转氨酶、尿素氮升高人数占比较均高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与对照组比较，接触组尿蛋白、尿糖、尿红细胞阳性率均较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与对照组比较，接触组心电图、肝肾B超异常率均较高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析发现，接触组出现中间细胞百分比增高、尿素氮升高、尿蛋白阳性、尿红细胞阳性的OR值分别为1.689、3.291、3.163、1.743。 结论： 职业性接触低浓度苯类物质对人群的血液系统、肝肾功能均有一定的影响，应加强对此类人群的职业健康监护。.
Keywords: Benzene; Blood system; Liver and kidney function; Regression analysis.