The global rise in antibiotic resistance threatens to undo decades of progress in treating infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens (Laxminarayan and others 2006). Resistance to the drugs used to treat malaria, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is also a serious concern, with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis now documented worldwide, particularly in China, India, and the Russian Federation (WHO 2014). These diseases and their treatments are covered in depth in other chapters in this volume. This chapter deals specifically with antibiotic resistance in the One Health framework of humans, animals, and the environment.
© 2017 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.