The children with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) usually require ventilatory support treatment. At present, lung protective ventilation strategy is recommended for the treatment of ARDS. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can improve oxygenation and remove carbon dioxide by extracorporeal circuit, and can partially or completely take over cardiopulmonary function. ECMO support showed many advantages in treating severe ARDS, such as reducing ventilator-induced lung injury and correcting hypoxemia. Over the past few years, there has been an increase in the use of ECMO for ARDS in children. This paper reviews the applications of ECMO for the treatment of ARDS in children.
急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）患儿常需要呼吸机支持治疗，目前推荐实施肺保护性通气策略。体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）能通过体外循环改善患者氧合和去除二氧化碳，从而部分或完全替代心肺功能，在ARDS应用时具有减少呼吸机相关性肺损伤、改善低氧血症等优势。近年来该技术在儿童ARDS应用的报道逐渐增多。该文就ECMO在儿童ARDS中的应用进行综述。