MicroRNAs (miRNAs) a class of non-coding RNAs about 22 nt in size that are found in a wide range of organisms from plants, viruses to humans. MicroRNA has a wide range of biological functions. It can recruit related RNA enzymes and lead to mRNA degradation after binding to mRNA specificity, thus blocking the expression of protein encoding genes and then affecting their biological functions. In recent years, microRNA has been found to be closely related to the biological behaviors, such as the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of multiple human malignant carcinomas, and play a regulatory role in the above biological phenotypes. Lung cancer is the highest incidence of malignancy. The exact molecular mechanism of its occurrence and development has not been fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown that microRNA plays an important role in lung tumor suppressor gene inactivation, oncogene activation and epigenetics. At the same time, there are also reports that there is a significant difference in the expression of microRNA in patients with lung cancer and benign lung diseases. This differential expression provides a basis for the feasibility of microRNA as a diagnostic and pre biological marker for lung cancer. .
【中文题目：微小RNA在肺癌中的研究进展】 【中文摘要：微小RNA（microRNA, miRNA）是一类大小约为22 nt的非编码RNA，广泛存在于从植物、病毒到人类的各种生物中。microRNA生物学功能广泛，能够与mRNA特异性结合后招募相关RNA酶并导致mRNA降解，从而阻断蛋白编码基因的表达，进而影响其生物学功能。近年来研究发现，microRNA与人类多种恶性肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭、转移等生物学行为密切相关，并对上述生物学表型起到调控作用。肺癌是发病率最高的恶性肿瘤，其发生发展的确切分子机制并未完全阐明。目前已有研究显示，microRNA在抑癌基因失活、癌基因激活及表观遗传学等方面发挥重要作用。同时，亦有研究报道，microRNA在不同预后的肺癌患者及肺部良性病变中存在明显的差异表达，这种差异表达为microRNA作为肺癌诊断及预生物学标志物提供了可行性。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；微小RNA；分子机制】.
Keywords: Lung neoplasms; MicorRNA; Molecular mechanism.