Historically ablative treatment for hepatocellular cancer (HCC) has been regarded as inferior to transplantation and resection and has therefore been reserved for patients not suitable for surgical intervention in stage 0-A HCC according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification system. In the wake of surgical strategies challenging the current Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer treatment guidelines and improvements in imaging, targeting and ablation technologies, ablation is likely to occupy a more central role in the management of patients with HCC, challenging its historically perceived inferiority to resection.
Keywords: ablation; computer tomography; fused ultrasound; hepatocellular carcinoma; interventional radiology; irreversible electroporation; laparoscopic; microwave; navigated ablation; radiofrequency.