Objective: To screen out an effective substitute in the prescription of Shengjing Capsules (SJC), observe the effects of the redeveloped New SJC (NSJC) with cordyceps cephalosporium mycelia (CCM) substituted for the ingredient cordyceps sinensis in the treatment of spermatogenesis impairment (SI), and provide some experimental evidence for its application in the treatment of male infertility and sexual dysfunction.
Methods: We equally randomized 192 male mice into 16 groups: normal saline control, SI model, high-, medium- and low-dose fermented cordycepin powder (FCP, 1.60, 0.80 and 0.40 g/kg), high-, medium- and low-dose CCM (1.60, 0.80 and 0.40 g/kg), high-, medium- and low-dose cordyceps mortierella mycelia (CMM, 1.60, 0.80 and 0.40 g/kg), high-, medium- and low-dose fermented cordyceps sinensis (FCS, 1.60, 0.80 and 0.40 g/kg), SJC (0.80 g/kg), and vitamin E (VE, 0.25 g/kg), with the SI model established in all the mice and the normal controls injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide at 60 mg/kg qd for 5 consecutive days. After intragastrical medication with respective drugs, we obtained the body mass index (BMI), sexual organ coefficient, sperm count, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm (MAS) of the mice. We also randomly divided 70 male rats into 7 groups of equal number: normal control, SI model, high-, medium- and low-dose NSJC (1.12, 0.56 and 0.28 g/kg), SJC (0.56 g/kg), and VE (0.18 g/kg), the SI model constructed in the latter 6 groups of rats by gavage of adenine at 200 mg/kg qd for 5 consecutive days. After intragastrical medication with respective drugs, we examined the BMI, coefficients of sexual and renal organs, levels of reproductive hormones, testicular morphology, and fertility of the animals.
Results: After medication, the mice in different groups showed different degrees of improvement in the cyclophosphamide-induced slow growth, significant increases in the testicular and epididymal coefficients, sperm count, motility and viability (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and a remarkable reduction in the percentage of MAS (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The effect was particularly significant in the CCM group and therefore CCM was chosen as the best substitute ingredient in the redeveloped NSJC. Compared with the rats in other groups, those treated with NSJC exhibited significant increases in the BMI, coefficients of sexual and renal organs and levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), improvement of the pathologically damaged testicular morphology, elevation of the pregnancy rate and litter size, and recovery from adenine-induced SI.
Conclusions: The redeveloped New Shengjing Capsules with cordyceps cephalosporium mycelia substituted for the ingredient cordyceps sinensis can improve fertility and reverse spermatogenesis impairment in male rats. The new prescription may also be applied to the clinical treatment of male infertility and sexual dysfunction.
目的： 对生精胶囊进行二次开发，对处方中冬虫夏草进行替代物筛选研究，并对替代后的新生精胶囊进行抗生精障碍药理研究，为其临床用于治疗男性不育症及性功能障碍症提供实验依据。方法： 取雄性昆明种小鼠192只，随机均分为对照组，模型组，发酵虫草菌粉高、中、低剂量（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）组，虫草头孢菌粉高、中、低剂量（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）组，虫草被孢菌粉高、中、低剂量（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）组，发酵冬虫夏草菌粉高、中、低剂量（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）组，生精胶囊组（0.80 g/kg），维生素E组（0.25 g/kg），除对照组外，其他各组小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺注射液60 mg/kg，每天1次，连续5 d建立环磷酰胺致生精障碍小鼠模型，观察各组小鼠体重、性腺脏器系数、精子数、精子活力、精子畸形率。取健康雄性SD大鼠70只，随机分为对照组，模型组，新生精胶囊高、中、低剂量组，生精胶囊组（0.56 g/kg），维生素E组（0.18 g/kg），每组10只大鼠，除对照组外，其余各组动物灌胃腺嘌呤200 mg/kg，每日1次，连续5周制备生精障碍大鼠模型，观察各组大鼠体重，性腺器官及肾脏脏器系数、血清生殖激素、睾丸形态结构、生育力。结果： 各给药组可不同程度的改善环磷酰胺所致小鼠体重增长缓慢现象，在提高小鼠睾丸和附睾脏器系数，增加精子数、提高精子活率、增强精子活力、减少精子畸形率方面具有统计学意义(P < 0. 05 或P< 0. 01)，综合观测以维生素E（0.25 g/kg）、生精胶囊（0.80 g/kg）和虫草头孢菌粉组（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）作用较为显著，拟定虫草头孢菌粉作为原方最优替代，按原生产工艺制备成新生精胶囊；新生精胶囊（1.60、0.80、0.40 g/kg）可增加腺嘌呤模型大鼠的体重、性腺器官及肾脏脏器系数，增加血清FSH、LH、T、E2的含量(P < 0. 05 或 P < 0. 01)，产生抗氧化损伤作用并改善睾丸?#177;硇翁鹕耍偈勾菩源笫笫茉新始捌骄惺仙⒒涌瓜汆堰手麓笫笊δ苷习饔谩＝崧郏?以虫草头孢菌粉替代后制成的新生精胶囊对雄性大鼠具有促生育、改善生育及逆转受损生殖能力的作用，为验证虫草头孢菌粉作为冬虫夏草替代品的正确性与可行性提供一定指导意义，也为其临床用于男性不育及性功能障碍提供了实验依据。.
Keywords: New Shengjing Capsules; adenine; rat; spermatogenesis impairment.