Low Intake of Vitamin E Accelerates Cellular Aging in Patients With Established Cardiovascular Disease: The CORDIOPREV Study

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 May 16;74(6):770-777. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gly195.

Abstract

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) shortening is a biomarker of cellular aging that can be decelerated by diet. We aimed to investigate the effect of dietary intake of vitamin E on biomarkers of cellular senescence in patients with established cardiovascular disease. To this end, DNA from 1,002 participants of the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) was isolated and LTL was measured by real-time PCR. Dietary information was collected using a 146-item food frequency questionnaire, and several oxidative stress and damage biomarkers were determined. We found that patients with an inadequate intake of vitamin E according to the European Food Safety Authority, U.S. Food and Nutrition Board, and Spanish dietary recommendation had shorter LTL than those with an adequate intake (p = .004, p = .015, and p = .005, respectively). Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between olive oil, fish consumption and LTL (r2 = .083, p = .010; r2 = .090, p = .006, respectively). Subjects who consumed more than 30 mL olive oil/day had longer LTL than subjects with lower consumption (p = .013). Furthermore, we observed higher glutathione peroxidase activity in subjects consuming less vitamin E (p = .031). Our findings support the importance of an adequate consumption of the antioxidant vitamin E, and the value of the diet as a modulating tool of the senescence process.

Keywords: Cellular senescence; Mediterranean diet; Oxidative stress; Telomere length; Vitamin intake.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cellular Senescence*
  • Diet, Mediterranean
  • Female
  • Fish Products
  • Genetic Markers
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / blood
  • Humans
  • Leukocytes / cytology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Olive Oil / administration & dosage
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Prospective Studies
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Recommended Dietary Allowances
  • Telomere Shortening*
  • Vitamin E / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Genetic Markers
  • Olive Oil
  • Vitamin E
  • Glutathione Peroxidase

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00924937