Images of parasitic forms of Leishmania infantum are typical in the hands of a skilled expert but should be known by biologists of Hematology Department. In an endemic region, the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) must be considered because of its potential role in accelerating hematological malignancy.
Keywords: Leishmania infantum; acute myeloid leukemia; amastigotes; kinetoplasts; peripheral blood smear; visceral leishmaniasis.