Alprazolam and Zolpidem in Skeletal Tissue of Decomposed Body Confirms Exposure

J Forensic Sci. 2019 Mar;64(2):643-646. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13890. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Abstract

In several medico-legal cases, bone samples analysis may provide the only source of toxicological information. This case study reports the analysis of a human bone specimen, belonging to a 46-year-old man, found 3 months after his death due to cervical-thoracic injuries in a motorcycle accident. Bone specimen was the only available material for toxicological analysis, among few skull hair and rotten skin. Analysis was performed by a newly developed and validated ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method, following simple and efficient sample pretreatment. The results were in accordance with the man's medical record: Alprazolam and zolpidem were found at 2.2 and 5.4 ng/g of bone, respectively. Both these drugs were prescribed to the deceased.

Keywords: alprazolam; bones; femur; forensic science; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry; skeletal tissue; zolpidem.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Accidents, Traffic
  • Alprazolam / analysis*
  • Body Remains*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Femur / chemistry
  • Hair / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / analysis
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Middle Aged
  • Motorcycles
  • Postmortem Changes*
  • Skin / chemistry
  • Substance Abuse Detection*
  • Substance-Related Disorders / diagnosis
  • Zolpidem / analysis*

Substances

  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
  • Zolpidem
  • Alprazolam