Rehabilitation of lost teeth related to maintenance of cognitive function

Oral Dis. 2019 Jan;25(1):290-299. doi: 10.1111/odi.12960. Epub 2018 Sep 9.

Abstract

Objective: As the era of aging comes, cognitive impairment (CI) is increasing. The impact of rehabilitation of lost tooth on CI remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether non-rehabilitated lost teeth (NRLT) is associated with CI among Korean elders.

Methods: A total of 280 elders comprising of 140 cases and 140 age-sex-matched controls were included in this cross-sectional study. CI was assessed using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). NRLT was evaluated using panoramic radiograph and oral examination. NRLT was categorized into low (≤4) and high (≥5). Age, sex, education, drinking, smoking, exercise, obesity, hypertension, subclinical atherosclerosis, glucose, cholesterol, depression, and denture-wearing were considered as confounders. Conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the adjusted association.

Results: NRLT was associated with increased CI after controlling for confounders (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [95% CFI]: 1.00-1.13). However, lost teeth were not associated with CI. Those with high NRLT (≥5) compared to those with low NRLT (≤4) was more likely to have CI by 2.7 times (OR = 2.74, 95% CFI = 1.28-5.86).

Conclusion: Our data showed that NRLT was independently associated with CI. Hence, rehabilitation of the lost teeth could be important for the maintenance of cognitive function.

Keywords: cognitive impairment; epidemiology; rehabilitation; tooth loss.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cognition*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / etiology*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / prevention & control
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Risk Factors
  • Tooth Loss / complications*
  • Tooth Loss / rehabilitation*