Ximenia americana heteropolysaccharides ameliorate inflammation and visceral hypernociception in murine caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis: Involvement of CB2 receptors

Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Oct:106:1317-1324. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.067. Epub 2018 Jul 21.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate and characterize the anti-inflammatory and anti-hypernociceptive effects of the total polysaccharides of X. americana (TPL-Xa) bark in a mouse model of acute pancreatitis-induced by caerulein and the potential involvement of cannabinoid receptors.

Methods: TPL-Xa was characterized by1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Animals received TPL-Xa (10 mg/kg, i.v.) 30 min before and after caerulein (50 μg/kg, 10×, i.p.) administration. To evaluate the involvement of cannabinoid receptors, AM281 (3 mg/kg, s.c.) and AM630 (1 mg/kg, s.c.) were administered 30 min before TPL-Xa. Plasma levels of amylase and lipase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO), histology, visceral hypernociception and motor coordination were evaluated 11 and 24 h after acute pancreatitis (AP) induction.

Results: TPL-Xa, containing a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, fucose and galacturonic acid, reduced amylase and lipase levels, MPO activity, acinar cell necrosis, edema and neutrophil infiltration. TPL-Xa increased the threshold of visceral hypernociception, an effect reversed by AM630, an antagonist of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). In addition, TPL-Xa did not alter the animals' motor coordination.

Conclusions: TPL-Xa contains heteropolysaccharides that inhibit inflammation and hypernociception in the experimental model of caerulein-induced AP, by a mechanism involving type CB2 receptors.

Keywords: Cannabinoid receptors; Medicinal plant polysaccharides; Pancreas inflammatory nociception; Structural characterization.

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / isolation & purification
  • Analgesics / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists / isolation & purification
  • Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists / pharmacology*
  • Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Ceruletide*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzymes / blood
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Nociceptive Pain / chemically induced
  • Nociceptive Pain / metabolism
  • Nociceptive Pain / prevention & control*
  • Olacaceae* / chemistry
  • Pain Threshold / drug effects
  • Pancreas / drug effects*
  • Pancreas / enzymology
  • Pancreas / pathology
  • Pancreatitis / chemically induced
  • Pancreatitis / metabolism
  • Pancreatitis / pathology
  • Pancreatitis / prevention & control*
  • Phytotherapy
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plants, Medicinal
  • Polysaccharides / isolation & purification
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology*
  • Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 / agonists*
  • Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2 / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists
  • Cnr2 protein, mouse
  • Enzymes
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Plant Extracts
  • Polysaccharides
  • Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2
  • Ceruletide