The aim of the present review was to discuss a matter of concern in the clinical field of obstetrics/gynecology, namely the potency of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in the management of endometriosis-associated infertility. Endometriosis is a medical condition affecting one tenth of women in their fertile years, and accounts for up to 50% of infertile women. Thus, such high prevalence has established the necessity for investigating the effectiveness of available techniques in eradicating the disease and constraining infertility as well as the accompanying pain symptoms of endometriosis. The underlying mechanisms connecting endometriosis with low fecundity have been extensively studied, both in terms of genetic alterations and epigenetic events that contribute to the manifestation of an infertility phenotype in women with the disease. Several studies have dealt with the impact of IVF in pregnancy rates (PRs) on patients with endometriosis, particularly regarding women who wish to conceive. Results retrieved from studies and meta-analyses depict a diverse pattern of IVF success, underlining the involvement of individual parameters in the configuration of the final outcome. The ultimate decision on undergoing IVF treatment should be based on objective criteria and clinicians' experience, customized according to patients' individual needs.
Keywords: assisted reproduction; endometriosis; in vitro fertilization; infertility; pregnancy rates.