Low-Dose Coronary CT Angiography in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Comparison of Image Quality and Radiation Exposure with Two Different Approaches

Acad Radiol. 2019 Jun;26(6):791-797. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Aug 6.

Abstract

Rationale and objectives: To evaluate image quality, coronary interpretability and radiation exposure of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) performed in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with the latest scanner generation, comparing two different technical approaches. A new scanner that combines a 0.23 mm spatial resolution, a new generation of iterative reconstruction, fast gantry rotation time and the intracycle motion-correction algorithm to improve the temporal resolution was recently introduced in the clinical field.

Materials and methods: We enrolled 105 consecutive patients with chronic AF who performed CCTA with a whole-heart coverage high-definition CT scanner (16-cm z-axis coverage with 256 detector rows, 0.28 s gantry rotation time). Five of them were excluded for impaired renal function. Patients were randomized between a double acquisition protocol (50 patients, group 1) or a single acquisition protocol (50 patients, group 2). The image quality, coronary segment interpretability and effective dose (ED) of CCTA were assessed.

Results: The mean HR during the scan was 85.6±21 bpm in group 1 vs. 83.7±23 bpm in Group 2, respectively (p < ns). In group 2, overall image quality was high and comparable with that of group 1 (Likert scale =3.2 ± 1.4 vs. 3.3 ± 1.2, p = ns, in group 1 and 2, respectively). Coronary interpretability was high and similar between the two groups (97.5% and 97.1% in group 1 and 2, p = ns, respectively). Mean ED was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (5.3 ± 1.8 mSv vs. 2.7 ± 0.7 mSv, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The novel whole-heart coverage CT scanner allows to perform CCTA with a single-acquisition protocol with high image quality and low radiation exposure in AF patients.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Coronary CT angiography; Radiation exposure.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications*
  • Computed Tomography Angiography / methods*
  • Coronary Angiography / methods*
  • Coronary Disease* / complications
  • Coronary Disease* / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Radiation Exposure / prevention & control*