This work was aimed at comparative analysis of the two experimental models of chronic arthritis induced in rats by the administration of (i) complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and (ii) carrageenan. The clinical and histological signs of pathology were assessed using a categorical rating system. It is established that the administration of CFA leads to the development of pathology closely resembling rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, the administration of c.arrageenan promotes chronic inflammatory arthritis without autoimmune component. The results can serve a basis for selecting a methodological approach to assess the effectiveness of drugs with anti-rheumatoid, anti-inflammatory, and/or immunomodulatory properties.