Catalytic activity of nickel nanoparticles stabilized by adsorbing polymers for enhanced carbon sequestration

Seokju Seo; Gabriela Alvarez Perez; Ketan Tewari; Xavier Comas; Myeongsub Kim

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29605-1

Catalytic activity of nickel nanoparticles stabilized by adsorbing polymers for enhanced carbon sequestration

Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 6;8(1):11786. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29605-1.

Authors

Seokju Seo¹, Gabriela Alvarez Perez¹, Ketan Tewari², Xavier Comas³, Myeongsub Kim⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL33431, USA.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Chandlodia, Gota, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
³ Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL33431, USA.
⁴ Department of Ocean and Mechanical Engineering, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL33431, USA. kimm@fau.edu.

Abstract

This work shows the potential of nickel (Ni) nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by polymers for accelerating carbon dioxide (CO₂) dissolution into saline aquifers. The catalytic characteristics of Ni NPs were investigated by monitoring changes in diameter of CO₂ microbubbles. An increase in ionic strength considerably reduces an electrostatic repulsive force in pristine Ni NPs, thereby decreasing their catalytic potential. This study shows how cationic dextran (DEX), nonionic poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), and anionic carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) polymers, the dispersive behaviors of Ni NPs can be used to overcome the negative impact of salinity on CO₂ dissolution. The cationic polymer, DEX was less adsorbed onto NPs surfaces, thereby limiting the Ni NPs' catalytic activity. This behavior is due to a competition for Ni NPs' surface sites between the cation and DEX under high salinity. On the other hand, the non/anionic polymers, PVP and CMC could be relatively easily adsorbed onto anchoring sites of Ni NPs by the monovalent cation, Na⁺. Considerable dispersion of Ni NPs by an optimal concentration of the anionic polymers improved their catalytic capabilities even under unfavorable conditions for CO₂ dissolution. This study has implications for enhancing geologic sequestration into deep saline aquifers for the purposes of mitigating atmospheric CO₂ levels.