Biomarkers of gastric cancer: Current topics and future perspective

World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jul 14;24(26):2818-2832. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i26.2818.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignant types in the world and an aggressive disease with a poor 5-year survival. This cancer is biologically and genetically heterogeneous with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Although the incidence is declining, the outcome of patients with GC remains dismal. Thus, the detection at an early stage utilizing useful screening approaches, selection of an appropriate treatment plan, and effective monitoring is pivotal to reduce GC mortalities. Identification of biomarkers in a basis of clinical information and comprehensive genome analysis could improve diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of recurrence and treatment response. This review summarized the current status and approaches in GC biomarker, which could be potentially used for early diagnosis, accurate prediction of therapeutic approaches and discussed the future perspective based on the molecular classification and profiling.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Ccancer diagnosis; Gastric cancer; Predictive marker; Prognostic marker.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Body Fluids
  • Carcinogenesis / genetics
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods*
  • Early Detection of Cancer / trends
  • Gastrectomy
  • Gene Expression Profiling / methods
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Liquid Biopsy
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Prevalence
  • Prognosis
  • Stomach / pathology
  • Stomach / surgery
  • Stomach Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Stomach Neoplasms / pathology
  • Stomach Neoplasms / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor