Dietary polysaccharide extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis fruiting bodies: chemical characterization and bioactivities at different levels of purification

Maja Kozarski; Anita Klaus; Dragica Jakovljevic; Nina Todorovic; Miomir Niksic; Miroslav M Vrvic; Leo J L D van Griensven

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.075

Dietary polysaccharide extracts of Agaricus brasiliensis fruiting bodies: chemical characterization and bioactivities at different levels of purification

Food Res Int. 2014 Oct:64:53-64. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.075. Epub 2014 Jun 11.

Authors

Maja Kozarski¹, Anita Klaus², Dragica Jakovljevic³, Nina Todorovic³, Miomir Niksic², Miroslav M Vrvic⁴, Leo J L D van Griensven⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
² Department for Industrial Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
³ Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
⁴ Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, Belgrade 11001, Serbia; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
⁵ Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: leo.vangriensven@wur.nl.

PMID: 30011685
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.05.075

Abstract

Polysaccharides of the European strain of A. brasiliensis were obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation (HWPE I) of fruiting bodies, and further purified by dialysis (HWPE II) and pronase incubation (PPE). These polysaccharides consisted mainly of (1→6)-β-d-glucans. PPE was free of proteins and polyphenols as demonstrated by quantitative assays and NMR profiling. They showed a clear IFN-γ inducing activity in human PBMCs, which suggests these polysaccharides to have proinflammatory effects. Treatment by β-glucosidase caused the polysaccharides to be degraded into smaller fragments and at the same time increased their IFN-γ inducing activity in PBMCs fourfold. In vitro, PPE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of the proliferation of the human leukemia Jurkat cell. At 100μg/mL the cells' viability was decreased by appr. 51% compared to the control. EPR spin trapping demonstrated a high antioxidative activity against ^•OH and ^•O2^- radicals of HWPE I and PPE. Further, the results of the antioxidant assays indicated that antioxidant activity against ^•OH radicals in the Fenton system was achieved through scavenging or through chelating iron mechanisms. The good immunomodulating and antioxidative properties of A. brasiliensis polysaccharide extract obtained by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation make it suitable for everyday use as an inexpensive dietary supplement.

Keywords: A. brasiliensis; Antioxidant activity; EPR spin trapping; Immunomodulation; Polysaccharide extracts.